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Lesson Plan INDONESIA

C.  Indonesia

C.1.    Water and environmentally sustainable development

C.1.1.     Overview and Background information:

Title of the lesson

 Background/context for particular lesson

Learning goals/human values

Promote standards of personal cleanliness within the setting of the condition where people live

C.1.2.     The Lesson Plan

Attachment 6.C.1.1

Results of Observation

1.   Identify materials existing in running-river water, and write their names on appropriate column in the Table 6.1a below:

Table 6.C.1.1a. Materials in running-river water

2.   Identify materials existing in unrunning-river water and write their names on appropriate column in the Table 6.1b below.

Table 6.C.1.1b. Materials in unrunning-river water

3.  Identify physical properties of water you have collected from different sources, and put a check (√) which is appropriate in the Table 6.C.1.2 below:

Table 6.C.1.2. Different properties of water from different resources

4. From the Tables 6.C.1.1a and 6.C.1.1b, where may the materials come from?

5. Are the materials mentioned in the Tables 6.C.1.1a and 6.C.1.1b the cause of water pollution?

6. What is the effect of water pollution to human life?

7. From the Table 6.C.1.2, why do the properties of water change?

8. Who should be responsible for caring the environment you observe?

9. Should you be responsible for caring the environment? Why? 

10. Describe what you can do to prevent the water pollution!

11. What efforts can you make to decrease the water pollution!

12. Explain the importance of water in our bodies!

13. Is everyone able to get easily hygienic water?

14. Why should we study water pollution, resources, and utilization situation?

Attachment 6.C.1.2

Assessment Sheet

Grade/Level         :     VII/Junior School

Subject matter     :     Biology

Topic                    :     Water pollution

Attachment 6.C.1.3

Written Test

1.   What are the physical properties of hygienic water?
2.  Why do we need the hygienic water?
3.  What is water pollution?
3.  What are the causes of water pollution?
4.  Who are responsible for taking care of water quality?
5.  Why should we take care of our water quality?
6.   What can we do to decrease the water pollution?
7.   How precious is hygienic water for our bodies?
8.   Does everyone get easily hygienic water?

Scoring guide for the Report Paper

 
Note:
A: Very Good          B: Good           C: Fair           D: poor          E: failed

C.2.    Water for health, sanitation, and recreation

C.2.1.     Overview and Background information:

C.2.2.     The Lesson Plan

Attachment 6.C.2.1

Poster of Take Care your hands

When do we have to wash our hands?

BEFORE:

AFTER:

Attachment 6.C.2.2

Assessment

Written Test

1. Why should we keep our hands clean and hygienic?

2. When do we have to wash our hands?

3. Describe the right ways to wash our hands without wasting the precious water!

Attachment 6.C.2.3

Individual activities

Please, describe the images below as you can see!

1.   Proper ways to wash hands

2.   Proper ways to save water

C.3.    Water, human dignity and social equity

C.3.1.     Overview and Background information:

Subjects such as sanitation and education

• Personal and environmental hygiene
• Importance of water, human dignity and social equity      

C.3.2.     The Lesson Plan

Attachment 6.C.3.1

Check list of the use of water as personal habits

Saving water is easy when you think about it. Here is an easy way to see how wise water utilization around your home. Give a check (√) behind each statement that describes your habits to use water, and then calculates the total scores you collect to see how you are doing. It might surprise you just how easy it is to save water and money around your home.

There are a number of ways to save water…..

Score guide:
Often            :     2
Sometimes    :     1
Never           :     0

Attachment 6.C.3.2

Poster on Water Conservation
 

Attachment 6.C.3.3

Ways to save water at home

In the home...
1.   Check for hidden water leaks

Read the house water meter before and after a two-hour period when no water is being used. If the meter does not read exactly the same, there is a leak.

2.   Check your toilets for leaks

Put a little food colouring in your toilet tank. If, without flushing, the colour begins to appear in the bowl within 30 minutes, you have a leak that should be repaired immediately. Most replacement parts are inexpensive and easy to install.

3.   Don't use the toilet as an ashtray or wastebasket

Every time you flush a cigarette butt, facial tissue or other small bit of trash, five to seven gallons of water is wasted.

4.   Put plastic bottles in your toilet tank

To cut down on water waste, put an inch or two of sand or pebbles inside each of two plastic bottles to weigh them down. Fill the bottles with water, screw the lids on, and put them in your toilet tank, safely away from the operating mechanisms. This may save ten or more gallons of water per day. Be sure at least 3 gallons of water remain in the tank so it will flush properly. For new installations, consider buying "low flush" toilets, which use 1 to 2 gallons per flush instead of the usual 3 to 5 gallons.
      Replacing an 18 liter per flush toilet with an ultra-low volume (ULV) 6 liter flush model represents a 70% savings in water flushed and will cut indoor water use by about 30%.

5.   Insulate your water pipes

It's easy and inexpensive to insulate your water pipes with pre-slit foam pipe insulation. You'll get hot water faster plus avoid wasting water while it heats up.

6.     Install water-saving shower heads and low-flow faucet

Your local hardware or plumbing supply store has inexpensive water-saving shower heads or restrictors that are easy for the homeowner to install. Also, long, hot showers can use five to ten gallons every unneeded minute. Limit your showers to the time it takes to soap up, wash down and rinse off. Also, all household faucets should be fit with aerators. This single best home water conservation method is also the cheapest!

7.   Take shorter showers

One way to cut down on water use is to turn off the shower after soaping up, then turn it back on to rinse. A four-minute shower uses approximately 20 to 40 gallons of water.

8.   Turn off the water after you wet your toothbrush

There is no need to keep the water running while brushing your teeth. Just wet your brush and fill a glass for mouth rinsing.

9.   Rinse your razor in the sink

Fill the sink with a few inches of warm water. This will rinse your razor just as well as running water, with far less waste of water.

10. Check faucets and pipes for leaks

A small drip from a worn faucet washer can waste 20 gallons of water per day. Larger leaks can waste hundreds of gallons.

11. Use your dishwasher and clothes washer for only full loads

Automatic dishwashers and clothes washers should be fully loaded for optimum water conservation. Avoid the permanent press cycle, which uses an added 20 liters (5 gallons) for the extra rinse. For partial loads, adjust water levels to match the size of the load. If you're in the market for a new clothes washer, consider buying a water-saving frontload washer.

12. Minimize use of kitchen sink garbage disposal units

In sink 'garburators' require lots of water to operate properly, and also add considerably to the volume of solids in a septic tank which can lead to maintenance problems. Start a compost pile as an alternate method of disposing food waste.

13. When washing dishes by hand, don't leave the water running for rinsing

If your have a double-basin, fill one with soapy water and one with rinse water. If you have a single-basin sink, gather washed dishes in a dish rack and rinse them with a spray device or a panful of hot water.

14. Don't let the faucet run while you clean vegetables

Just rinse them in a stoppered sink or a pan of clean water.

15. Keep a bottle of drinking water in the fridge

Running tap water to cool it off for drinking water is wasteful.

In the yard and garden...
16. Water your lawn only when it is necessary

A good way to see if your lawn needs watering is to step on the grass. If it springs back up when you move, it doesn't need water. If it stays flat, the lawn is ready for watering. Letting the grass grow taller (to 3") will promote water retention in the soil.

17. Deep-soak your lawn

When watering the lawn, do it long enough for the moisture to soak down to the roots where it will do the most good. A light sprinkling can evapourate quickly and tends to encourage shallow root systems. Put an empty tuna can on your lawn - when it's full, you've watered about the right amount. Visit our natural lawn care page for more information.

18. Water during the cool parts of the day; avoid watering when it's windy

Early morning is generally better than dusk since it helps prevent the growth of fungus. Watering early in the day is also the best defence against slugs and other garden pests. Try not to water when it's windy - wind can blow sprinklers off target and speed evapouration.

19. Use efficient watering systems for shrubs, flower beds and lawns

You can greatly reduce the amount of water used for shrubs, beds and lawns with strategic placement of soaker hoses, rain barrel catchment systems and simple drip-irrigation systems.

20. Plant drought-resistant shrubs and plants

Many beautiful shrubs and plants thrive with far less watering than other species. Replace herbaceous perennial borders with native plants. Consider applying the principles of xeriscope for a low-maintenance, drought resistant yard.

21. Put a layer of mulch around trees and plants

Mulch will slow evapouration of moisture while discouraging weed growth.

22. Don't water the gutter

Position your sprinklers so water lands on the lawn or garden, not on paved areas. Also, avoid watering on windy days.

23. Don't run the hose while washing your car

Clean the car using a pail of soapy water. Use the hose only for rinsing.

24. Use a broom, not a hose, to clean driveways and sidewalks

25. Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets and couplings

Leaks outside the house may not seem as bad since they're not as visible. But they can be just as wasteful as leaks indoors. Check frequently to keep them drip-free. Use hose washers at spigots and hose connections to eliminate leaks.

Attachment 6.C.3.4

Assessment

Written Test

C.4.    Water in culture, traditions and religious practices

C.4.1.     Overview and Background information:

Subjects such as religious practices

• Personal and attitudes 
• Importance of water in religious practices

 C.4.2.     The Lesson Plan

 Attachment 6.C.4.1

Concept of Ablution

Ablution is one of the prominent features of Islam. It means thorough purity and cleanliness of body, clothes, place and all aspects of Muslim’s life.

In the foregoing pages we discussed matters of purity of faith and heart. Here we will discuss matters of purity of body and other relevant aspects of material purity and cleanliness. Islam in fact takes care of the purity of material purity of both the heart and the soul as well as the body and material aspects of life.

Muslims are called upon to be pure and clean in many of the Qur’an injunctions such as the following verse:
“Allah loves those who turn unto Him in repentance and loves those   who purify themselves.” 2-222.

A.  “Purity” of Water

It should be pointed out that pure water is used essentially in matters of purification and cleanliness of the body totally or partially. Hence below the purity of water is briefly discussed.

First: Ordinary water is Thahur (fresh and pure), that means it is pure in itself and purifies other things. Among its division are:

“..And We sent down pure water from the sky.” (V.25:48)

“Its water is purifying and its creatures are Halal (good to consume)”.

      It is established that the Prophet (P.B.U.H) called for a bucket of Zam-zam water, then drank from it and performed ablution (narrated by Ahmad).

Second: Used water, that is, water which flows off the limbs when performing ablution preserve its purifying quality, just like ordinary water, based on the fact that it started out as purifying and there is no Dalil (evidence) from the Shariah (Islamic Laws) indicating a change in its status.

Third: Water mixed with any clean substance, for instance soap or saffron, or flour, etc. remains purifying (Thahur) as long as the quality of the adulterant is not enough to cause us to stop calling the mixture “water”. If it exceeds that limit when we can no longer call it simply water, then it is Thahur: pure in itself, but incapable of purifying anything else.

Fourth: Water mixed with Najasah (filthy substances), this can occur in one of the two stages:

      “Water purifying, nothing makes it filthy.” (narrated by Ahmad and others).
And in this case the water has retained the name “Water” without the need to qualify the word.

B.  Ethics of Going to Bathroom

      “In the Name of Allah, O Allah I seek refuge with You from the evils.” And after leaving the toilet too said: “Your forgiveness (O Lord).” Tirmidhi)

4. To refrain from speaking altogether, whether it be Dhikr (Remembrance of Allah) or anything else which are even suggested to do in other places. One should not return Salam (Islamic greetings) nor repeat after the Muadhzin (someone calling for pray together in the mosques) or anything else except what is unavoidable like guiding a blind man who would otherwise fall. If one sneezes one should say Al Hamdulillah (Thanks to God) in one’s mind without moving the tongue.

5. To respect the Qiblah (the direction that Muslims face when they do pray) by not facing it nor turning one’s back directly towards it.

6. Do not urinate where you bathe or shower, or in still or running water.

7. Don’t urinate in a standing position, as it is undignified, and goes against good customs, and there is the probability of urine splashing up from the ground onto your clothes. However, if one is reasonably sure there will be no splashing then it is permitted.

8. One must remove all Najasah from the private parts, front or back, at the very least with stones, toilet paper or anything that serves the purpose as long as the substance Thahur, and has blotting or wiping effect; the use of toilet paper is all right, but one should not use paper with writing on it, as it is deserving the more respect than that or one can use water only, or a combination of toilet paper followed by water.

9. One should not use the right hand to clean one’s private parts, as it is used for eating and other clean functions.

10. After cleaning the private parts rub clean earth on the hand or wash with soap, etc.

11. One should sprinkle water on one’s penis and trousers after urinating. This is to stop the whispering of Shaitan (is the source of evil).

12. When entering the bathroom put your left foot first, and when leaving it, take out your right foot first.

C. Wudlu (Ablution)

This type of Thahara (purification) is very essential for a worshiper; no prayer is valid without ablution

How to Perform Wudlu (Ablution):

“O you who believe! When you intend to offer As-Salat (prayer), wash your faces and your hands (forearms) up to the elbows, rub (by passing wet hands over) your heads, and (wash) your feet up to the ankles ….” (V. 5:6)

Attachment 6.C.4.2

Picture of Ablution Steps

1.   Before starting it one should intend to enter the state of original purity by the actions of the ablution and say Bismillah (in the name of Allah).

2.   Wash your hands up to wrists, rinse water in your mouth and draw water from your cupped hand into your nose up to the start of the nose bone – three times for each of these actions.
             

3.   Wash your face three times.
    

4.   Starting with the right hand, wash your forearms up to and including the elbows three times.

5.   Wipe your wet hands over your hair or scalp (all of it backward and forward) and wipe the inside and back of the ears with the forefingers and thumbs.

6.   Wash the feet up to and including the ankles three times each, starting with the right foot.

7.   After completing the aforementioned, say: “I bear witness none has the right to be worshiped but Allah Alone and without partners, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger.”

Attachment 6.C.4.3

Assessment Worksheet

Assessment for the Practices of ablution

Note:

        

        A:  Very Good             B: Good           C: Fair            

        D: Poor                        E: Fail

Attachment 6.C.4.4

Assessment