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Lesson Plan CAMBODIA

B. Cambodia

B.1. Water and environmentally sustainable development

B.1.1. Overview and Background Information

No doubt that water is an important component for human life. We use water in many ways that include drinking, bathing, washing and watering our lawns. We are not surprised that people will struggle to make efforts to get water for their daily life. Unfortunately, water comes from limited number of resources.

Therefore, we have to find the ways to conserve water everyday and everywhere. Learners should realize to save water, and understand the feeling of life with limited water resources which will encourage them to be aware of conserving water resources.

Learners would have already knowledge of general uses of water to learn this lesson. With this lesson, learners will be encouraged to be responsible for saving water and conserving water resources.

B.1.2. The Lesson Plan

Subject Matter area

Khmer Language

Time duration

Topic

The Poor farmer

Grade

Specific concepts covered in the lesson

Saving clean water

Human values addressed

Awareness of saving water.
Responsibility for water source conservation.
Wise to use water.

Lesson objectives

At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to:

describe the importance of water for human life.
explain the ways to save water.
explain the ways to get water resources.

Materials needed

Text “The poor farmer”
picture and video show
Khmer Language textbook grade 4, 1998

Teaching-Learning Step:

60 mins

Introductory or Motivational activities

Checking learners’ presence
Dividing learners into small groups,
Showing the importance of clean water
Telling learners the story of poor farmer

“A farmer family has three members, father, mother and a son. The farmer’s house is about 2 kilometers from the tap water source. Every day the farmer’s wife has to carry water by using a clay pot for cooking. She has to walk for about 2 times per day”

10 mins

Lesson proper

Step 1: Understanding clean water

Teacher shows some pictures about the use of clean water and about the effects of using unclean water.
Learners collect two kinds of water samples; from school tap and from river.
Learners in groups observe the colour and smell of each sample, and differentiate between them (See Activity worksheet-Attachment 6.B.1.1)
Group representative present their finding to the class

35 mins

Step 2: Awareness of saving water

Learners sing the song of Save the Water (Attachment 6.B.1.2)
Each group do discussion on the story, and answer the questions listed in the Table 6.B.1.1 below:

10 mins

Table 6.B.1.1

Questions	Answers
1. How many kilometers does the farmer’s wife have to walk a day?	……………………..
2. Is the water she took home enough for use a day?	……………………..
3. How can she manage the use of water?	……………………..
4. What does she have to do to fulfill the need of water?	……………………..

Closure

Summarize the importance of water, of saving water.
Identify several ways to get water resources

5 mins.

Assessment / Evaluation

Observe the activity of learners
Discussion results

Attachment 6.B.1.1

Learners Activity Worksheet

Name of teacher : ________________________________

Grade/level : 4

School : ________________________________

Subject Matter Area : Khmer language

Topic : The Poor farmer

Title of Activity : Understanding of clean and unclean water source

Objective(s) of the activity:

Differentiate properties of clean water and unclean water

Process and Steps

Process	Steps	Note: time, etc.
*Preparation activities:* Preparation for learners to collect water, clean water from tap or well and dirty water from river or ponds	Learners in groups and provide materials: clean water, unclean water, activity worksheet, and assessment sheet	10 minutes
*Activities: Step by step guidance for learners (incl. questions, and expected answers)* Learners work to differentiate properties of clean and unclean water	Learners observe clean water and unclean water from colour and odor	10 minutes
*Expected Results (what, in what forms, how and who to assess):* Learners are aware of clean and unclean source of water for the need of their living;	learners present the results to the class teacher facilitates learners to summarize	15 minutes

Table 6.B.1.2. The Difference of Clean and Unclean water

	Tap water	River water
Colour	………………………	………………………
Odor	………………………	………………………
………………………	………………………	………………………

Reflective Questions:

Describe the difference of clean and unclean water?
Imagine that you drink unclean water everyday, what are the effects that you may get?
What do you think you can do to convert unclean water to become clean water?
General comments from this experiments: ------------------------------------------

Attachment 6.B.1.2

Lyric of the Song “Save Water”

Music compilation   : Art-ong Jumsai (Institute of Sathya Sai Education) and KT Ng
Song                         : Unknown composer
Lyrics                       : Angela Loraine Burrows (Institute of Sathya Sai Education)

Attachment 6.B.1.3

Assessment Sheet

Name of teacher : _____________________________

Grade/level : 4

School : _____________________________

Subject Matter Area : Khmer language

Topic : The Poor farmer

Instructional Objective(s):

To Identify clean and unclean water source
To conserve water resources

Assessment Procedures:

What	How	Who (Assessor)
Knowledge	Reflective test Test during the discussion	Teacher
Affective/Attitude Expression	observation of learners’ expression during discussion	Teacher
Values Expression	Observation	Teacher

B.2. Water for health, sanitation, and recreation

B.2.1. Overview and Background Information

The growth of human organ is much affected by the food and water consumed. There are positive linear relationship between quality of food and water and humans’ growth and health.

Getting healthy food and clean water are not always very expensive. We have to have good habits to always choose healthy food and water and to have meal properly. We have to realize that selecting food and water are supposed to be based on the quality of the food and water.

This lesson is related to knowledge of sciences especially to nutrition, and mathematics. Therefore, learners should have pre-requisite knowledge of it. At the end of this lesson, learners are expected to increase understanding of home economic concept, strengthen learners’ responsibility for saving water, conserving water resources, and to understanding of good eating habits.

B.2.2. The Lesson Plan

Subject Matter area	Home Economic	Time duration
Topic	Food, Nutrition and Clean Water
Grade	7
Specific concepts covered in the lesson	The need of human body for nutritious food and clean water
Human values addressed	Realizing the importance of clean water and proper nutrition to keep the body healthy Being Responsible for water source conservation Wise to use water
Lesson objectives Lesson objectives	At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to: Mention the importance of nutritious food for human body. Identify Nutrient Intake (RNI) and food which are needed by human body based on the age. Care their health by selecting good healthy food. and drinking adequate amount of clean water, and Preserve water source and environment.
Materials needed	Picture and song lyric. Home economic textbook, Chapter 3, 1998.
Teaching-Learning Steps:		60 mins
Introductory or Motivational activities	Teacher identifies learners’ prior knowledge by giving constructive questioning technique. Teacher reminds learners about previous lesson to link to the new lesson being discussed. Learners are divided into groups.
Lesson proper	Step 1: Food and Nutrition Teacher distributes pictures of foods: vegetables and fruits. Learners in groups identify the food and categorize them as nutrient contents; protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin, and minerals (See Learner Activity Worksheet – Attachment 6.B.2.2). Groups present their discussion results to the class.	5-10 mins
Lesson proper	Step 2: Healthy Eating Teacher motivates learners to learn importance of nutritious food to human body, especially on: Food provides adequate energy, and strengthen the growth of muscle and stamina to do heavy works Imbalanced diet can cause illness, such as tiredness, less energy and concentration to work and affect seriously to intelligence level Good eating habits are affected by: age types of food; healthy or junk nutrient content weather	25 mins
Closure	Step 3: Group Discussion on human values in water and food Teacher facilitates learners to have group discussion on: Effect of consuming unhealthy food and drinking polluted water The ways to keep water and its resources clean. Learners present their discussion results to the class. Teacher together with learners sing the song of preserving river water source, and discuss the meaning of the song	10 mins
Assessment / Evaluation	Observe the activity of learners Discussion results	15 mins

Attachment 6.B.2.1

Lyrics of the song “Preserving river water resource”

Lyrics and song : KT Ng
Music compilation : CK Ng

Attachment 6.B.2.2

Learners Activity Worksheet

Name of teacher : ________________________________

Grade/level : 7

School : ________________________________

Subject Matter Area : Home Economic

Topic : Food, Nutrition and Clean Water (Refer Textbook Chapter 3, page 143)

Title of Activity : Food and nutrition

Objective(s) of the activity:

- To categorize healthy food as the nutrient contents

Process and Steps:

Process	Steps	Note: time, etc.
Preparation: Divide learners in to 5 groups.	Teacher divide learners into groups Teacher distribute pictures and media about food and nutrition	5 mins
Activities: Observing pictures to identify foods, and predict nutrient contents; protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins, mineral.	Teachers facilitates learners to do group discussion on: - Categorize foods as the nutrient contents; protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins, mineral.	10 mins
Expecting results: - Identify the types of nutrient contents in foods - categorize the foods as the nutrient contents	Sharing experiments results of groups into class	15 mins

Attachment 6.B.2.3

Assessment Sheet

Name of teacher : _______________________________

Grade/level : 7

School : _______________________________

Subject Matter Area : Home Economic

Topic : Food, Nutrition and Clean Water (Refer Textbook Chapter 3, page 143)

Instructional Objective(s):

To tell about the importance of
To identify Nutrient Intake (RNI) and food which are needed by human body based on the age,
To care their health by selecting good healthy food, and drink adequate amount of clean water, and
To preserve water source and environment.

Assessment Procedures:

What	How	Who (Assessor)
Knowledge: Understanding of nutritious food and its importance for human body	Activity Reflective test	Teacher
Values Expression: Learners expression for their awareness of having healthy food and healthy eating, and their responsibility for caring water and its resources	Presentation, discussion, and joyful singing	Teacher
Personal Expression: Learners care their own health by themselves.	Observation on learners’ habits and behaviours.	Teacher

Scoring and Grading

Evaluate the learner’s achievement on knowledge by category.
For example 100/100 and convert into the grades of A, B, C and D.

A: Very good        90-100
B: Good                70-89
C: Fair                   50-69
D: Unaccepted      0-49

Evaluation

Put check (ü) on appropriate column in the Table 6.B.2.1. below!

Table 6.B.2.1. Nutrient Content

Food	Carbohydrate	Fat	Protein	Vitamin	Mineral
Rice	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Bread	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Cassava	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Corn	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Cassava	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Apple	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Banana	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Carrot	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Spinach	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Tomato	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
Lettuce	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….
………….	………….	………….	………….	………….	………….

Reflective Questions:

Give examples of foods containing protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamin, and mineral
Can you mention how much food you eat a day?
How many liter of water you drink a day?
Give suggestions about the ways to protect water resource!

B.3. Water, human dignity and social equity

B.3.1. Overview and Background Information

Water is undoubtedly the most precious natural resource that exists on our planet. Without water life on the Earth would not be exist. Water is essential for everything on our planet to grow and prosper. Human bodies, for example, consist of 75% of water meaning that we cannot survive without water. Although we realize this fact, we disregard it by polluting our water. For instance, we sometimes are not worried throwing away wastes, organic and non organic, in rivers. As a consequence, we are slowly but surely harming our planet and our livings.

B.3.2. The Lesson Plan

Subject Matter area	Moral Civics	Time duration
Topic	Importance of using clean water and preventing pollution
Grade	8
Specific concepts covered in the lesson	The need of human body for nutritious food and clean water
Human values addressed	Keeping water sources clean and hygiene is a value that each person as well as other people must be responsible for because water is crucial element for humans’ life, animals, and plants. Saving clean water . Caring for oneself. Non-violence.
Lesson objectives	At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to: Define clean water Describe the importance of using clean water Mention the causes of unclean water. Describe the ways to keep water sources clean. High respect to people making efforts to keep water and resources clean.
Materials needed	Text book grade 8 “water is life” Other pictures related to unclean water. Pictures of ill person caused by drinking unclean water. Song of Preserving Clean water River Source
Teaching-Learning Steps:		70 mins
Introductory or Motivational activities	Teacher identifies learners’ prior knowledge Teacher divides learners into small groups	5-10 mins
Lesson proper	Water contamination Teacher distributes pictures about water contamination, the causes of contamination, ill persons, and other related pictures. Learners in groups observe the pictures and discuss (See Learner Activity Worksheet-Attachment 6.B.3.2): The causes of water contamination Effects of water contamination The ways to prevent water contamination Groups present their discussion results to the class Teacher and learners sing the song of Preserving Clean water River Source Learners write a poster about preventing water contamination	35 mins 30 mins
Closure	Summarize the causes of water contamination Summarize the effects of drinking contaminated water	5 mins.
Assessment / Evaluation	Observe the activity of learners Discussion results Cognitive test

Attachment 6.B.3.1

Lyrics of the song “Preserving river water resource”

Preserving clean river water source

Lyrics and song : KT Ng
Music compilation : CK Ng

Attachment 6.B.3.2

Learners Activity Worksheet

Name of teacher : _______________________________

Grade/level : 8

School : _______________________________

Subject Matter Area : Social Study

Topic : Important of using clean water and preventing pollution

Title of Activity : Effects of using unclean water

Objective(s) of the activity:

To determine the causes of unclean water (pollutants altering water)
To realize the effects of the usages of unclean water, and
To have constructive ideas for maintaining good water resources.

Process and Steps

Process	Steps	Note: time, etc.
*Preparation for learners to participate in the activities:* Provide learners with the materials for them to inquire, describe, and Conclude about the causes of unclean water and ways to protect the source of water.	Learners study the pictures and discuss to find out the causes of contamination and ways to protect water clean and safe. Ask learners to explain about the condition of the contaminated water which is relevant to their living situation.	10 minutes
*Activities:* *Step by step guidance for learners (incl. questions, and expected answers):* Divide learners in pairs or small groups to discuss the issues.	Teachers raise the issue for learners discussion Does the contaminated water cause dangers? Report of the group representative to the class	10 minutes
*Expected Results (what, in what forms, how and who to assess):* Awareness of water contamination and its causes. The water become unsafe for use and it is important that sources of water are well taken care of. Provide learners with the questions How : Inquire and Respond Who : Learners	Provide questions to learners Present resources and materials on the sources of water and learners study it then give response. What are the causes of water contamination? (See following table for an example) What do you do to prevent the sources of water from being contaminated? (See following table for an example)	15 minutes

Causes and effect of water contamination

Sources of unclean water

Disadvantage of using
unclean water

Keeping sources of water clean

Garbage (peel fruit…… )
Getting ride of the body waste into the sources of water.
Dumping the poisonous waste substances from factory into the sources of water.
Dumping the waste oil into the water sources.
Washing clothes over the water sources.
Draining the sewage water into the water sources.

skin disease
Stomachache
Dengue Fever
Soil Transmitted Helthminthiasis (Worm intestine)
Cholera

Realizing the importance of clean water
Do not dump the garbage into the water sources.
Do not drain the sewage and poisonous waste from factory into the water sources.
Do not build houses or especially toilets over the waterways such as stream, rivers, lakes etc.
Help to protect and keep the water sources in the household or community clean and safe for our need.

Reflective test:

Can you describe the properties of clean water?
Why is important to use clean water?
Provides some examples that can pollute water!
How to prevent the water pollution / contamination?
How to keep water source clean?

Attachment 6.B.3.3

Assessment Sheet

Name of teacher : ________________________________

Grade/level : 8

School : ________________________________

Subject Matter Area : Moral civic

Topic : Important of using clean water and preventing pollution

Instructional Objective(s):

Learners are aware of water contamination disadvantages of using unclean water and the ways to protecting sources of water

Assessment Procedures:

What	How	Who (Assessor)
Knowledge: Awareness of the contamination of water and the protection of sources of clean water. Understanding of water consumption for the sake of health safety in lives.	Inquire learners to look at the picture and read the article and discuss in-group or in pairs and report. Reflective test	Learner and community
Problem Solving Skills: To make poster on preventing unclean water and pollution.	Learners discuss questions in groups
Scientific Inquiry Skills: Present the sources of water have been used and conduct the experiment.	Ask learners to boil the water, and treat it by filtering and refining.	Learner and community
Affective/Attitude Expression: Teachers monitor the drinking water the learners have for their need.	Enforce learner to use safe and clean water for their need and check up the actual practice	Learner
Values Expression: Water is an essential substance to sustain life in humans, animals and plants.	Raise the issue to lead learners into discussion and give comments on the protection and value of clean water use.	Learner and community
Personal Expression: Keep the water sources clean and safe and use only clean and safe water in the household as well as the community. Save the water with good use of it.	Ask learners to give comments on the protection of water sources and the consumption of clean and safe water.	Learner and community

Scoring and Grading

Evaluate the learner’s achievement by category.
For example 100/100 grade, and convert the grade into A, B, C and D.

A: Very good     :     90-100
B: Good             :     70-89
C: Fair                :     50-69
D: Unaccepted   :     0-49

B.4. Water in culture, traditions and religious practices

B.4.1. Overview and Background Information

Almost every cell in our body needs water to function properly. Water supporting the body should be clean, and it is certainly from good clean water resources. The sources of water can be river, lake, well, pond, etc.

In Cambodia, there is Water Festival, the second most important national holiday after the Khmer New Year in April. The Water Festival is enjoyable because Cambodian travels to Phnom Penh for three days of boat races at the confluence of the Tonle, Bassac, and Mekong Rivers. This festival reminds Cambodian to respect water resources and keep it clean.

Learning this lesson will support learners to respect tradition, water, and water resources. Learners’ pre-requisite includes science on clean water and health education for human bodies, and moral education.

B.4.2. The Lesson Plan

Subject Matter area

Multi-subject (Applied science and social study)

Time duration

Topic

Benefits of water

Grade

Specific concepts covered in the lesson

Sources of fresh water
Benefits of water to human beings, animals and plants
Relationship between water and traditions, nation and religion
Factors causing water pollution
Methods of keeping and protecting the water sources

Human values addressed

Keeping water sources clean and hygiene is a value that each person as well as other people must be responsible for because water is crucial element for humans’ life, animals, and plants.

Lesson objectives

At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to:

Describe some sources of fresh water;

Identify the benefits of water to human beings, animals and plants;
Express the relationship between water and national culture;
Be familiar with some factors causing water pollution; and
Be accustomed to keeping the water source clean.

Materials needed

Textbook and Teachers manual science Subject, Grade 4,6, MoEYS Cambodia (1997) Written committee of Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, Cambodia.
Pictures (of guest greeting by giving a drink, monks sprinkling holy water).
Pictures (of floating small bowls of food and lanterns on the water).
Pictures (of water source polluted by wastes, clothes and animal washing, bathing...).

Teaching-Learning Step:

100 mins

Introductory or Motivational activities

Brainstorming: “Name the sources of fresh water that learners can acquaint with.”

Learners answer:

20 mins

Lesson proper

Teacher divide learners into small groups
Teacher set a problem for group discussion:

“What are the benefits of availability of fresh water for human beings, animals and plants?”
Put all answers in the following Table 6.B.4.1:

50 mins

Table 6.B.4.1. Benefits of Water

No	Human beings	Animals	Plants
1.
2.

Groups of learners discuss and find answers.
A group representative presents their answers.
Teacher and other learners listen, verify and corrected answers of each group.
Teacher gathers all groups’ answers and added more points.
Teacher asks: “From day to day, what are the problems to the water resources?”
Learners answer: ..........
Teacher brainstorms with learners: “What factors pollute the water resources?”
Learners answer:

Teacher brainstorms with learners: “As learners, what should you do to contribute to keep and to protect those water resources clean?”
Learners answer:

We should not excrete into the water resources;
We should not dump wastes into the water resources;
We should contribute to keep protecting water source clean; etc.

Closure

Teacher and learners summarize about:

-   Some sources of fresh water;
-   The benefits of water to human beings, animals and plants;
-   The relationship between water and national culture;

Some factors causing water pollution; and
Keeping the water sources clean

15 mins.

Assessment / Evaluation

Teacher sets up problems for group discussion:

What can unclean water used for?
What problem can we get caused by drinking unclean water?

Teacher give assignment to groups learners:

“Provide scientific and logical reasons for:

Taking a glass of water to greet any guest
Spreading water constantly by monk/wedding layman
Throwing (a bucket of) water on Khmer New Year Day.

Attachment 6.B.4.1

Assessment Sheet

Name of teacher : _________________________________

Grade/level : _________________________________

School : _________________________________

Subject Matter Area : English Language

Topic : The effects of water cycle on man and marine life

Instructional Objective(s):

To write the importance of clean water to man and animal.
To write the effects of water cycle on man and marine life.

Assessment Procedures:

What

How

Who (Assessor)

Knowledge

The causes of water pollution
To protect the water pollution

Written test (See Evaluation – Attachment 6.B.4.2)

Teacher

Values Expression

Expression on Human values addressed

Expression of learners’ feeling through discussion or in the brainstorming session during learning activities, and written test (See Evaluation-Attachment 6.B.4.2)

Attachment 6.B.4.2

Evaluation

Teacher’s Name : _______________________________________
Grade : 4
School : _______________________________________
Subject : Multi-subject (Applied science and social study)
Topic : Benefits of water
Objectives :

Describe some sources of fresh water;

Identify the benefits of water to human beings, animals and plants;
Express the relationship between water and national culture;
Be familiar with some factors causing water pollution; and
“Identify the benefits of water and protective measures of water sources.”

The evaluation is regarded as a complete task after the pupils perform various activities during the class in relation to the causes for fresh water pollution in a river and the protective measures of water pollution.

Evaluation of Learner’s Awareness for Water Pollution:

Note: The evaluation is conducted to measure the pupils’ awareness only about fresh water pollution and fresh waterway, not relevant to saltwater pollution and coastal area.

These questions below are based on the pictures on the following page:

Check and observe the pictures on the following page.
Identify the causes of water resources pollution shown by pictures A, B, and C on the following page.
Provide your suggestion to protect the pollution you mentioned above.
Draw 2 simple pictures describing the causes of water pollution, and write the ways to protect or reduce the pollution.

Scoring the evaluation:

Criteria	Max	Pupil A	Pupil B
Telling the reasons for water pollution in a river by picture	3	3	3
Telling the reasons for water pollution in a river verbally	4	4	2
Explaining the protective measures of water pollution	10	8	4
The picture matches with its essence (clear picture and writing)	7	4	2
Total	24	19	11

Remark

Learners A:
S/he reaches a minimum standard although the picture drawn is not good, but s/he writes enough reasons for water pollution.

Learners B:
S/he does not achieve a minimum standard. Teacher has to help her/him correct the topic of fresh water pollution and let her/him do the same exercise carefully by giving much time. S/he does not draw picture telling two more other reasons for water pollution. S/he should be aware of the contents of topic, of the causes of water pollution, and protecting water resources so that s/he keep the country and environment clean.