Values-Based Lessons Learned Impact Evaluation Study (IES) of Water Supply and Sanitation Project Dr. K. E. Seetharam
Scope of IES •1000 in-country surveys conducted
•200 stakeholders consulted
•6 case studies done in 5 countries
•50 loan and project reports reviewed
Case studies PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA Dalian Water Supply Project MALAYSIA Kedah Water Supply Project SRI LANKA First and Second Water Supply Sector Project PHlLIPPINES Second Island Provinces Rural Water Supply Sector Project INDIA Anantapur Sathya Sai Drinking Water Supply Project Lesson # 1: Water Use Taps not the only way to distribute drinking water •Everyone needs water
•People are willing to pay for drinking water, even up to 7000 times the cost of piped water •Companies successfully distribute bottled drinking water Success stories from PRC… Lesson # 2: Promote good hygiene and health practices •Providing good quality water is not enough
•Good sanitation and hygiene practices must also be encouraged
SPARC model in India… Lesson # 3: Water Demand Reduce non-revenue water (NRW) •Detect and check leaks
•NRW of 25-30% or lower is possible (Dalian experience)
Caretaker approach of ADB and water utility reforms in PRC… Lesson # 4: Practice demand side management •Viable alternative to supply expansion, particularly in water-scarce areas
Succeeds with political support, awareness, and water conservation by users Success stories in Dalian… Lesson # 5: Water Projects Implement socially oriented water projects •Local governments, NGOs and communities together can quickly implement projects
•People will not wait… they will find ways to get water
Successful NGO projects in India and Indonesia… Lesson # 6: Involve beneficiaries at all project stages •Just one committed person can make a difference
•Convince institutional players to participate
•Projects should Educate, Encourage, and Employ beneficiaries
Success stories from Philippines and Malaysia… Lesson # 7: Water Financing Full cost recovery is not impossible •Low tariffs are politically driven -- people are willing to pay for house connections and 24-hr supply
•Involving private sector in distribution is first step to reducing losses from theft
Success stories from PRC… |